TY - JOUR
T1 - Modified tannins and their application in wastewater treatment
AU - Arismendi, W. A.
AU - Ortiz-Ardila, Andrés E.
AU - Delgado, C. V.
AU - Lugo, Lorena
AU - Sequeda-Castañeda, Luis G.
AU - Celis-Zambrano, Crispín A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© IWA Publishing 2018.
PY - 2018/10/19
Y1 - 2018/10/19
N2 - The bio-flocculants used in this study were synthesised by the Mannich reaction, which includes three reagents: a substrate (tannin extracts of Acacia, Quebracho, and Castanea), formaldehyde, and an amine derivative (ethanolamine, diethanolamine, ammonium chloride). Nine natural flocculants were prepared by combining extracts and amines; these products were evaluated in three different wastewater samples in two experimental phases. In phase I, five physicochemical parameters were analysed. From the data obtained, a multivariate, completely randomised design (CRD-Manava) was used, with a factorial arrangement and mean plots. In phase II, the three bio-flocculants with the most statistically significant responses and their mixtures were examined, evaluating 14 biological and physicochemical parameters. Statistical analysis was guided in this phase by CRD blocks, finding a significant removal in the physicochemical parameters analysed in the different types of wastewater and obtaining removal rates between 50 and 90%, depending on the parameter. At the end of both phases, the bio-flocculants acacia-ammonium chloride and quebracho-diethanolamine were the most efficient in the removal of turbidity (34-99%), true colour (93-100%) and total solids (12-99%). In addition, the natural flocculants showed low mutagenicity index (MI: 0.33-0.93) compared to aluminium sulphate (MI: 4.87-8.81).
AB - The bio-flocculants used in this study were synthesised by the Mannich reaction, which includes three reagents: a substrate (tannin extracts of Acacia, Quebracho, and Castanea), formaldehyde, and an amine derivative (ethanolamine, diethanolamine, ammonium chloride). Nine natural flocculants were prepared by combining extracts and amines; these products were evaluated in three different wastewater samples in two experimental phases. In phase I, five physicochemical parameters were analysed. From the data obtained, a multivariate, completely randomised design (CRD-Manava) was used, with a factorial arrangement and mean plots. In phase II, the three bio-flocculants with the most statistically significant responses and their mixtures were examined, evaluating 14 biological and physicochemical parameters. Statistical analysis was guided in this phase by CRD blocks, finding a significant removal in the physicochemical parameters analysed in the different types of wastewater and obtaining removal rates between 50 and 90%, depending on the parameter. At the end of both phases, the bio-flocculants acacia-ammonium chloride and quebracho-diethanolamine were the most efficient in the removal of turbidity (34-99%), true colour (93-100%) and total solids (12-99%). In addition, the natural flocculants showed low mutagenicity index (MI: 0.33-0.93) compared to aluminium sulphate (MI: 4.87-8.81).
KW - Bio-flocculants
KW - Coagulation/flocculation
KW - Mannich reaction
KW - Tannins
KW - Wastewater
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85055079905&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2166/wst.2018.336
DO - 10.2166/wst.2018.336
M3 - Article
C2 - 30339536
AN - SCOPUS:85055079905
SN - 0273-1223
VL - 78
SP - 1115
EP - 1128
JO - Water Science and Technology
JF - Water Science and Technology
IS - 5
ER -