Listado de las aves Endémicas y Casi-Endémicas de Colombia: Evaluación 2013-2023

Ten years after the last list of Endemic and Near-endemic species in Colombia, and after new species descriptions, taxonomic rearrangements, and new listings for the country, it is relevant to update the list that presents and compiles these species categories. Within the definition of endemism at the political level, framed within the borders of each country, we evaluated 1,966 species, and in detail the distribution of 74 species that could present extensions or declines based on records in scientific literature and in open science platforms. Based on this information and potential distribution maps in different databases, we quantified the distribution area and those portions within Colombia to define whether the species met the criteria presented in Chaparro-Herrera et al. (2013). From this re-evaluation, 87 Endemic species, 202 Near-endemic species, 17 Species of Interest and 17 species with Insufficient Information were found. The greatest increase in Endemic species occurred in the Central Cordillera, while for Near-endemic species it was on the northern slopes of the Western and Central Cordillera, northeastern slopes of the Central Cordillera to the southern limits in Caldas. For their part, most of the species that were excluded were those in categories of Species of Interest on the northern slopes of the Western and Central Cordillera, northeastern slopes of the Central to southern limits in Caldas. Continual monitoring of the distribution of unique species in the country is a necessity for conservation processes and better knowledge of the national avifauna.