Evaluation and follow-up of ambulatory patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 by means of individualised metabolic control and anthropometric measurements

Objective: To evaluate the metabolic and anthropometric profile, by individualised targets, in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: An observational, prospective study carried out on patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 that attended a specialised clinic and were enrolled from June 2015 to July 2016, to a follow-up of six months They were classified according to clinical guidelines as; 1. healthy adult, 2. Complex adult and older health adult, 3. Complex older adult, and 4. Very complex older adult. During the follow-up they received education and a record was made of; weight, body mass index, abdominal circumference, percentage fat, blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin A, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. The individualised targets were compared between categories. Results: The analysis included a total of 36 patients. The most frequent comorbidity and complication was arterial hypertension (63.9%), and diabetic neuropathy (64.7%), respectively. At the sixth month, the glycosylated haemoglobin A target was achieved in 58.3%. A weight reduction of 1 kg was observed, as well as a reduction of 0.5 kg/m² in BMI, with a mean of 27.6 kg/m², The percentage of abdominal fat and the abdominal circumference remained stable. By individualised targets, Category 1 had a greater compliance in baseline blood glucose, and Category 3 in glycosylated haemoglobin A. Conclusions: The follow-up and education of each patient and family help to improve the metabolic targets and the anthropometric variables. This also strengthened the doctor-patient relationship, and enabled the impact of the interventions to be evaluated. However, inter-disciplinary program need to be organised in order to optimise control in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.