TY - JOUR
T1 - Cytokine profiles and their correlation with clinical and blood parameters in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
AU - Duarte-Delgado, Nancy Paola
AU - Segura, Katherine
AU - Gómez, Oscar
AU - Pulido, Sandra
AU - Tovar-Sánchez, Catherin
AU - Bello-Gualtero, J. M.
AU - Fernández-Ávila, Daniel G.
AU - Amado-Garzón, Sandra B.
AU - Romero-Sanchez, Consuelo
AU - Cacciatore, Stefano
AU - Rodríguez C, Luz Stella
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024.
© 2024. The Author(s).
PY - 2024/10/8
Y1 - 2024/10/8
N2 - The abnormal biological activity of cytokines and their imbalance are implicated in developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cytokine levels were measured in RA and SLE patients and compared to healthy controls using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal–Wallis test. The relationship between cytokine levels and blood and clinical parameters was assessed using Spearman's correlation test. Compared to healthy controls, both RA and SLE patients exhibited elevated levels of GM-CSF, CX3CL1, IFN-α2, IL-12p70, IL-17A, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, which is evidence of their shared inflammatory signature. IL-2 levels were elevated exclusively in RA patients, while MCP-1 and IL-10 were uniquely increased in SLE patients. Notably, TNF-α showed the most significant increase in SLE patients. IL-4 was elevated in SLE patients with nephritis, correlating with IL-6, IL-10, sCD40L, and IL-8, suggesting B cell involvement in lupus nephritis. The negative correlation between CX3CL1 and TNF-α with HDL in RA and SLE respectively, highlights the potential association of these inflammatory markers with cardiovascular risk. These findings underscore the complex cytokine interplay in RA and SLE. CX3CL1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target for RA, while TNF-α and IL-4 show promise as therapeutic targets for SLE.
AB - The abnormal biological activity of cytokines and their imbalance are implicated in developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cytokine levels were measured in RA and SLE patients and compared to healthy controls using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal–Wallis test. The relationship between cytokine levels and blood and clinical parameters was assessed using Spearman's correlation test. Compared to healthy controls, both RA and SLE patients exhibited elevated levels of GM-CSF, CX3CL1, IFN-α2, IL-12p70, IL-17A, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, which is evidence of their shared inflammatory signature. IL-2 levels were elevated exclusively in RA patients, while MCP-1 and IL-10 were uniquely increased in SLE patients. Notably, TNF-α showed the most significant increase in SLE patients. IL-4 was elevated in SLE patients with nephritis, correlating with IL-6, IL-10, sCD40L, and IL-8, suggesting B cell involvement in lupus nephritis. The negative correlation between CX3CL1 and TNF-α with HDL in RA and SLE respectively, highlights the potential association of these inflammatory markers with cardiovascular risk. These findings underscore the complex cytokine interplay in RA and SLE. CX3CL1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target for RA, while TNF-α and IL-4 show promise as therapeutic targets for SLE.
KW - Cytokines
KW - Rheumatoid arthritis
KW - Systemic lupus erythematosus
KW - Spearman’s correlation
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Male
KW - Cytokines/blood
KW - Case-Control Studies
KW - Female
KW - Adult
KW - Biomarkers/blood
KW - Aged
KW - Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood
KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72564-z
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/8f051d78-866a-3d58-bf1c-5ad8611fd42a/
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85206029242
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-024-72564-z
DO - 10.1038/s41598-024-72564-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 39379404
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 14
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 23475
ER -