Characterization of conventional coronary stents restenosis and drug eluting stents in patients included in the drug eluting stent registry (DREST)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Bare metal stents have stent restenosis rates between 10% and 60%, while drug-eluting stents reach 10%. In Latin America, there are no reports of stent restenosis between bare-metal stents and drug eluting stents. This study describes aspects associated with this event in patients treated at a center of high complexity in Colombia. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients with stent restenosis included in the Drug Eluting Stent Registry (DREST) between 1994 and 2011, which compared baseline characteristics, technical data and survival of patients with bare metal stents and drug eluting stents. RESULTS: We found stent restenosis with bare metal stents in 269 patients (11.5%) and in 65 with drug-eluting stent (12.2%) without significant differences between gender (p = 0.983) or age (p = 0, 55). Dyslipidemia was the most significant risk factor associated with stent restenosis of drug-eluting stents (p<0.002). We found smaller diameter of the vessel involved as well as smaller diameter of the implanted stent mainly in the drug-eluting stents associated with stent restenosis (p = 0.000). The focal pattern of stent restenosis was higher with drug eluting stents, while the diffuse pattern with standard stents (p = 0.000). The one-year survival was higher in patients with drug-eluting stent. CONCLUSIONS: The rates of stent restenosis and the related characteristics found are similar to those currently published. Dyslipidemia appears as a significant associated factor. The stent restenosis manifested as acute coronary syndrome in 60% of cases; it can not be regarded as a benign condition in this population.