Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease: a 10 Year Latin-american Experience

Background

Bicuspid aortic valve is one of the most common congenital heart malformations affecting 2% of the population. There is a gap in the literature regarding the Latin-American population, the aim of this study is to analyze the demographic, clinical characteristics and the surgical outcomes of patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with a 1,5 and 10 year follow-up in a single center.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database. All patients that underwent aortic-valve related procedures with bicuspid aortic valve finding between 2011-2021 were included. Comparison between groups were performed using paired t-test or Mann Whitney-Wilcoxon when appropriate. Statistically significant value was accepted if < 0.05.

Results: 82 patients were included. Male patients constituted 71.95% of the population. Median age was 58 years (IQR 47;65). Type 1 BAV were the most common finding (85.19%). Aortic stenosis was the most common clinical feature in 64.64% of the cases. Coronary artery disease and smoking history are related with decreased left ventricular function with statistically significant value (p 0.02 - 0.03 respectively). Mortality rate was 2.44. Overall survival rate after 1-5 and 10 years was 97.56%, 96.42%, and 80.5% respectively.

Conclusions: Patients with associated coronary artery disease and smoking history should be considered high risk patients due to the relationship with decreased left ventricular function even with an asymptomatic course. Further prospective studies are needed to prove our results.