Berberis rigidifolia kunth. (berberidaceae) colombian endemic plant

Berberis rigidifolia is a plant commonly known as espino, espuelo, espino de oro and tachuelo in Colombia. Berberis rigidifolia is known for various medicinal properties in traditional medicinal and use to cure a variety of diseases. The plant is reported to treat amebiasis, diarrhea, uterine bleeding, mouth irritations, sore throats, laxative, cutaneous leishmaniasis, malaria, pyorrhea, blood pressure, laxative and external ulcers. The medicinal properties of this plant represent it as a valuable source of medicinal compounds. This work is collective information concerning the taxonomy, ecology, geographical distribution, altitude distribution, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, biological activities and toxicity of the Berberis rigidifolia.