A Model for Electric Vehicle Battery Aging: A Vehicle-to-Grid Perspective

This study presents a comprehensive battery model for electric vehicles (EVs), designed to enhance the understanding and optimization of energy management systems. The model integrates the effects of calendar and cyclic aging, as well as the degradation impacts from Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) interactions, essential for maintaining battery health and operational efficiency. Through comparative analysis with existing models, new insights into battery behavior under V2G conditions are highlighted. The findings are poised to significantly contribute to the development of sustainable mobility solutions by promoting enhanced battery longevity and performance. Key areas for future research are identified, and potential enhancements are proposed that could advance both practical applications and theoretical understanding in EV energy management. This model serves as a valuable tool for researchers focused on optimizing battery systems, enabling more effective energy strategies for electric vehicles. The study highlights the crucial role of advanced battery models in achieving efficient and sustainable operations of electric vehicles.