Trends in occupational accidents and the departmental competitiveness index in Colombia between 2020 and 2023

Workplace accidents are a major concern for the workforce, as they can have negative impacts on workers' health and well-being. Additionally, these accidents can result in significant costs for companies, reduce productivity, and limit a country's economic potential. This study presents a statistical analysis of the trends in occupational accidents, diseases, and mortality rates among companies and workers affiliated with the General System of Occupational Risks in Colombia from 2020-2023. The study also examines the relationship between these rates and the departmental competitiveness index. The study is based on quantitative and descriptive research using data from the Federation of Colombian Insurers (Fasecolda) and the Private Council of Competitiveness. The data shows an increase in the number of affiliated workers from 10,564,334 to 12,574,832, and a corresponding increase in affiliated companies from 925,134 to 1,154,294. The occupational accident rates remained stable, but there was a significant decrease in occupational diseases from a rate of 4.8 to 0.8, with an approximate annual decrease of 40%. Similarly, the analysis by geographic region shows that central departments, which have more companies and affiliated workers, had higher accident rates. In contrast, peripheral areas, which have fewer companies and affiliated workers, had higher rates of disease and mortality. Note that these observations are based on objective data and not subjective evaluations. A positive association was identified between accidents and the competitiveness index, and a negative correlation was found between disease and mortality and the competitiveness index. However, these associations were not strong. To formulate public health policies in Colombia, further studies are required with longer follow-up periods to evaluate upcoming trends and the impact of occupational accidents on labor productivity.