Tratamiento farmacológico de la hiperplasia prostática benigna. Revisión de la bibliografía

Benign prostatic hyperplasia affects 50% of the population and is more frequent in the seventh and eighth decades of life. There are currently different treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia and pharmacologic management is considered first-line treatment. The aim of the present study was to conduct a literature review related to the pharmacologic management of benign prostatic hyperplasia, utilizing the following 5 databases: Medline, Embase, Central, Scopus, and LILACS. Only the clinical studies that evaluated the efficacy of the different drugs employed for the symptomatic management of the patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia were included. A total of 1595 references were reviewed by title and abstract, and 49 final references were selected for complete text review. The medications identified were: tamsulosin, alfuzosin, doxazosin, silodosin, dutasteride, finasteride, fesoterodine, tadalafil, sildenafil, and naftopidil. In addition, studies on phytotherapy that evaluated the effectiveness of Serenoa repens were included. The majority of the therapeutic options appear to be effective for the treatment of urinary symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia and the results identified are in accordance with the recommendations of the latest clinical practice guidelines. The choice of a first-line medication depends on the treating physician who must consider both the possible adverse events and the preferences of the patient.