Relación del Índice de Masa Corporal con el estadio de cáncer de mama en mujeres que acudieron a consulta a hospital público en Celaya, Guanajuato

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women; overweight and obesity have been considered risk factors for its development; in Mexico, it is the leading cause of cancer death in women. Objective: To analyze the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the pathological stage of breast cancer in women treated at a public hospital in Guanajuato during 2024. Materials and methods: An analytical, retrospective, and correlational study was carried out. 1,181 medical records of women diagnosed with breast cancer who attended consultations during 2024 were analyzed. Results: No significant correlation was found between BMI and the pathological stage of breast cancer (p>0.05). The BMI distribution showed a predominance of overweight and obesity (approximately 70%), with no relevant differences according to clinical stage. These findings suggest that, in this sample, excess weight is not associated with greater tumor aggressiveness at the time of diagnosis. Conclusions: The results differ from those of many previous studies; further analysis is recommended, taking into account other confounding variables, such as age diagnosis or menopausal status.