Relación de la oclusión traumática con las recesiones gingivales: revisión sistemática de la literatura

Objetive: Establish the role of the traumatic occlusion in the appearance and progression of
gingival recessions, in order to clarify the controversy about the aetiology of these lesions,
which is only associated to dental plaque. Method: This was a systematic review of literature. All the articles were chosen from the database available at the Pontificia Universidad
Javeriana library. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Once the selection was
performed, the quality and validity according to the JAMA parameters, was assessed, and
the levels of evidence and grades of recommendation were established. Results: 3.577
references obtained from 20 databases at the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Library were
revised. 51 references were chosen, 32 were excluded and 19 articles were included into
the analysis. Just 7 articles were valid and only one article addressed specifically the relationship between traumatic occlusion and gingival recessions. Conclusions: The literature
that relates traumatic occlusion with the appearance and progression of the periodontal
disease, does not mention gingival recessions as a sign of trauma from occlusion. Although
this relationship remains as a “clinical opinion,” it seems convenient to control the occlusal
factor as a risk factor to any type o periodontal disease or lesion in the clinical practice.