Recuperación del neonato de bajo peso: relevancia de las UCIN de puertas abiertas

Low birth weight is a cause of neonatal and child morbidity and mortality; therefore,
identifying strategies to improve health care deliver y remains a priority worldwide. Objective: To conduct
a synthesis of the available evidence in academic publications to identify recommendations regarding the
relevance of implementing an open visitation policy in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to support
the implementation of Kangaroo-Mother Care Method and, thus, contribute to weight gain in low birth
weight infants. Method: A narrative review of the literature was conducted searching in Elsevier, Pubmed,
Virtual Health Library, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases using the descriptors intensive care units,
neonatal; Kangaroo-Mother Care Method; infant, low birth weight; and visitors to patients. The inclusion
criteria were based on consulted scientific products published between 2010 and 2020. Studies that met
the search strategy adopted were included. Results: Twenty-seven articles that contributed to the review
were chosen. Data were categorized into four bodies of academic production: Benefits of the Kangaroo-
Mother Care Method in NICUs with open visitation, barriers to implementation of Kangaroo-Mother Care
Method in NICUs, family-centered care in NICUs with open visitation, and staff training in NICUs with open
visitation. Conclusions: Multiple studies have documented the benefits of NICUs with open-visitation for
families and newborns; however, this approach involves multiple challenges for neonatal services delivery,
such as designing and implementing models of care and strengthening the health care team.