Nanośılice como aditivo para el concreto: caso Colombia

The construction industry maintains a direct relationship with the demands of the world, therefore, it is reinvented in response to emerging emerging markets. Currently, ecological awareness is the starting point for advances in technology, hence the concrete sea under study, as it is one of the most used construction materials with the greatest environmental impact in the industry. Alternative materials such as additions or partial replacements of cement in concrete manage to increase its performance, as well as decrease the carbon footprint. Among the most important additions are the nanomaterials that meet the third industrial revolution to transformation from within the efficiency of the material. Nanosilica as an additive allows reducing the cement content and favoring the properties in the fresh state and in the hard state of the concrete. The update of nanosílice in the concrete generates an accelerating effect due to its superficial reactivity and pozzolanic character, as a consequence it increases the speed of hydration (Dávila et al., 2013), as well as the heat of hydration due to the fineness of the particles (Jo et al., 2007). In the mechanical properties it has been found that only from 5% of the replacement of the cement with nanoparticles are improved improvements in the resistance to compression of mortars, a range that can reach up to 10% to obtain greater resistance to three Curing days (Tobón et al., 2010). In Colombia, per capita consumption of concrete is below international reports according to the Global Cement Report (2013), however, the implementation of advances in its manufacturing is at the same level as the best in the world (Money, 2014 ) Regarding nanosílice, authors such as Cabrera (2017) have carried out research to obtain this additive from the rice husk by the sol-gel method and thus improve the rheological and mechanical properties of concrete, in addition to using the rice crop waste. The objective of this work is to review the state of the art of the use of nanotechnology in concrete with a focus on the Colombian context, in this way, it is hoped to promote the use of this material in a safe and reliable way in construction.