Modelos de entrenamiento en cirugía mínimamente invasiva para pieloplastia laparoscópica: revisión de la literatura

Introduction: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to surgically correct stenosis, blockage or obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction or pyeloureteral junction. Objective: To explore the different models of training in minimally invasive surgery for laparoscopic pyeloplasty that are reported in the literature. Materials and methods: A literature review with systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO, through the PRISMA Declaration and the combination of the medical descriptors in health “Model training AND laparoscopic pyeloplasty”. In addition, GoPubMed was used to obtain bibliometric information that contextualized the research and publication networks among the different training models for laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Results: We included 17 references in the systematic review of the literature with which the discussion was made based on the usability, aesthetics and operative time of laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Conclusion: All the training models contribute to those operators reduce surgical times, reaching values close to laparoscopic pyeloplasty in situ, including open pyeloplasty. In particular, anatomopathological models made with silicone modeling achieve a remarkable approach to the morphological reality from the aesthetics of the structures and allow increasing the number of surgical attempts and the number of hours of practice.