Impacto ambiental en dos sistemas constructivos para viviendas de interés social a partir del presupuesto: un análisis comparativo en San Andrés de Tumaco

In the development of construction projects, alternatives are often selected based on their costs. However, the pressure we exert on the planet and its resources forces us to consider alternatives with lower environmental impact. To establish criteria that involve environmental impact, this project carried out an exhaustive literature review that identified the ecological footprint (EF) as an impact evaluation indicator that integrates the use of primary and secondary sources focused on cost structure. The EF evaluates human demand on resources, expressed in the area of land needed to produce the products we consume and absorb the waste, andis expressed in global hectares (gha).This methodology was employed in the present work to evaluate the environmental impact during the construction phase of a social housing project, executed in the city of San Andrés de Tumaco on the Nariño coast, comparing two construction alternatives: theconventional confined masonry construction system and the tunnel formwork system Outinord. The results showed that the conventional construction system produces a greater impact compared to the Outinord system, withindices of 0.0794 and 0.0617 gha/m² respectively, demonstrating that the latter is an appropriate alternative in terms of its total ecological footprint and the possible reduction in construction time.