EL SUJETO DESVINCULADO O EL SUJETO CON IDENTIDAD: DISCUSIONES ÉTICO-POLÍTICAS SOBRE LAS MINORÍAS NACIONALES Y SU INCORPORACIÓN EN LAS CONSTITUCIONES LATINOAMERICANAS

This research analyzed the ethical-political discussions of distributive justice in national minorities and its incorporation into the Constitutions of Latin American countries. Ethics stands out in its search to dignify the human being, finding two immeasurable positions: (a) the deontological models of justice and equality and their detached subjects, and (b) the communitarian models that rescue the identity contingencies of the subjects. The latter have allowed reflections that recognize the defense of cultural, territorial and linguistic identity as fundamental issues. Finally, the discussion ventures to delimit equity and positive discrimination.