Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

Raul Gonzalez-Gomez; Agustina Legaz; Sebastián Moguilner; Josephine Cruzat; Hernán Hernández; Sandra Baez; Rafael Cocchi; Carlos Coronel-Olivero; Vicente Medel; Enzo Tagliazuchi; Joaquín Migeot; Carolina Ochoa-Rosales; Marcelo Adrián Maito; Pablo Reyes; Hernando Santamaria Garcia; Maria E. Godoy; Shireen Javandel; Adolfo M. García; Diana L. Matallana; José Alberto Avila-Funes; Andrea Slachevsky; María I. Behrens; Nilton Custodio; Juan F. Cardona; Ignacio L. Brusco; Martín A. Bruno; Ana L. Sosa Ortiz; Stefanie D. Pina-Escudero; Leonel T. Takada; Elisa de Paula França Resende; Victor Valcour; Katherine L. Possin; Maira Okada de Oliveira; Francisco Lopera; Brian Lawlor; Kun Hu; Bruce Miller; Jennifer S. Yokoyama; Cecilia Gonzalez Campo; Agustin Ibañez

doi:10.1002/alz.14085

Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

Raul Gonzalez-Gomez
, Agustina Legaz
, Sebastián Moguilner
, Josephine Cruzat
, Hernán Hernández
, Sandra Baez
, Rafael Cocchi
, Carlos Coronel-Olivero
, Vicente Medel
, Enzo Tagliazuchi
, Joaquín Migeot
, Carolina Ochoa-Rosales
, Marcelo Adrián Maito
, Pablo Reyes
, Hernando Santamaria Garcia
, Maria E. Godoy
, Shireen Javandel
, Adolfo M. García
, Diana L. Matallana
, José Alberto Avila-Funes

Andrea Slachevsky, María I. Behrens, Nilton Custodio, Juan F. Cardona, Ignacio L. Brusco, Martín A. Bruno, Ana L. Sosa Ortiz, Stefanie D. Pina-Escudero, Leonel T. Takada, Elisa de Paula França Resende, Victor Valcour, Katherine L. Possin, Maira Okada de Oliveira, Francisco Lopera, Brian Lawlor, Kun Hu, Bruce Miller, Jennifer S. Yokoyama, Cecilia Gonzalez Campo, Agustin Ibañez

Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez
Universidad de San Andrés
Rosario
Harvard University
Trinity College Dublin
Universidad de los Andes Colombia
University of California at San Francisco
Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA -CONICET)
Hospital Universitario San Ignacio
University of Santiago of Chile (USACH)
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran
Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO)
Universidad de Chile
Universidad del Desarrollo
Peruvian National Institute of Health
Universidad del Valle
Universidad Católica de Cuyo
Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia
Universidade de São Paulo
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Universidad de Antioquia

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

45 Scopus citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Education influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown. METHODS: A total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type. RESULTS: Education influenced brain measures, explaining 24%–98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions. DISCUSSION: The results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research. Highlights: Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	5912-5925
Number of pages	14
Journal	Alzheimer's and Dementia
Volume	20
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14085
State	Published - Sep 2024

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Latin America
United States
dementia
educational disparities
healthy aging
magnetic resonance imaging

Access to Document

10.1002/alz.14085

Cite this

Gonzalez-Gomez, R., Legaz, A., Moguilner, S., Cruzat, J., Hernández, H., Baez, S., Cocchi, R., Coronel-Olivero, C., Medel, V., Tagliazuchi, E., Migeot, J., Ochoa-Rosales, C., Maito, M. A., Reyes, P., Santamaria Garcia, H., Godoy, M. E., Javandel, S., García, A. M., Matallana, D. L., ... Ibañez, A. (2024). Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States. Alzheimer's and Dementia, 20(9), 5912-5925. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14085

@article{9aebd0f1f068499c97f9f08e3081a3ac,

title = "Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Education influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown. METHODS: A total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type. RESULTS: Education influenced brain measures, explaining 24\%–98\% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions. DISCUSSION: The results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research. Highlights: Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.",

keywords = "Latin America, United States, dementia, educational disparities, healthy aging, magnetic resonance imaging",

author = "Raul Gonzalez-Gomez and Agustina Legaz and Sebasti{\'a}n Moguilner and Josephine Cruzat and Hern{\'a}n Hern{\'a}ndez and Sandra Baez and Rafael Cocchi and Carlos Coronel-Olivero and Vicente Medel and Enzo Tagliazuchi and Joaqu{\'i}n Migeot and Carolina Ochoa-Rosales and Maito, \{Marcelo Adri{\'a}n\} and Pablo Reyes and \{Santamaria Garcia\}, Hernando and Godoy, \{Maria E.\} and Shireen Javandel and Garc{\'i}a, \{Adolfo M.\} and Matallana, \{Diana L.\} and Avila-Funes, \{Jos{\'e} Alberto\} and Andrea Slachevsky and Behrens, \{Mar{\'i}a I.\} and Nilton Custodio and Cardona, \{Juan F.\} and Brusco, \{Ignacio L.\} and Bruno, \{Mart{\'i}n A.\} and \{Sosa Ortiz\}, \{Ana L.\} and Pina-Escudero, \{Stefanie D.\} and Takada, \{Leonel T.\} and Resende, \{Elisa de Paula Fran{\c c}a\} and Victor Valcour and Possin, \{Katherine L.\} and \{Okada de Oliveira\}, Maira and Francisco Lopera and Brian Lawlor and Kun Hu and Bruce Miller and Yokoyama, \{Jennifer S.\} and \{Gonzalez Campo\}, Cecilia and Agustin Iba{\~n}ez",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s). Alzheimer's \& Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.",

year = "2024",

month = sep,

doi = "10.1002/alz.14085",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

pages = "5912--5925",

journal = "Alzheimer's and Dementia",

issn = "1552-5260",

publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",

number = "9",

}

Gonzalez-Gomez, R, Legaz, A, Moguilner, S, Cruzat, J, Hernández, H, Baez, S, Cocchi, R, Coronel-Olivero, C, Medel, V, Tagliazuchi, E, Migeot, J, Ochoa-Rosales, C, Maito, MA, Reyes, P , Santamaria Garcia, H, Godoy, ME, Javandel, S, García, AM, Matallana, DL, Avila-Funes, JA, Slachevsky, A, Behrens, MI, Custodio, N, Cardona, JF, Brusco, IL, Bruno, MA, Sosa Ortiz, AL, Pina-Escudero, SD, Takada, LT, Resende, EDPF, Valcour, V, Possin, KL, Okada de Oliveira, M, Lopera, F, Lawlor, B, Hu, K, Miller, B, Yokoyama, JS, Gonzalez Campo, C & Ibañez, A 2024, 'Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States', Alzheimer's and Dementia, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 5912-5925. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14085

TY - JOUR

T1 - Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

AU - Gonzalez-Gomez, Raul

AU - Legaz, Agustina

AU - Moguilner, Sebastián

AU - Cruzat, Josephine

AU - Hernández, Hernán

AU - Baez, Sandra

AU - Cocchi, Rafael

AU - Coronel-Olivero, Carlos

AU - Medel, Vicente

AU - Tagliazuchi, Enzo

AU - Migeot, Joaquín

AU - Ochoa-Rosales, Carolina

AU - Maito, Marcelo Adrián

AU - Reyes, Pablo

AU - Santamaria Garcia, Hernando

AU - Godoy, Maria E.

AU - Javandel, Shireen

AU - García, Adolfo M.

AU - Matallana, Diana L.

AU - Avila-Funes, José Alberto

AU - Slachevsky, Andrea

AU - Behrens, María I.

AU - Custodio, Nilton

AU - Cardona, Juan F.

AU - Brusco, Ignacio L.

AU - Bruno, Martín A.

AU - Sosa Ortiz, Ana L.

AU - Pina-Escudero, Stefanie D.

AU - Takada, Leonel T.

AU - Resende, Elisa de Paula França

AU - Valcour, Victor

AU - Possin, Katherine L.

AU - Okada de Oliveira, Maira

AU - Lopera, Francisco

AU - Lawlor, Brian

AU - Hu, Kun

AU - Miller, Bruce

AU - Yokoyama, Jennifer S.

AU - Gonzalez Campo, Cecilia

AU - Ibañez, Agustin

PY - 2024/9

Y1 - 2024/9

N2 - BACKGROUND: Education influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown. METHODS: A total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type. RESULTS: Education influenced brain measures, explaining 24%–98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions. DISCUSSION: The results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research. Highlights: Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.

AB - BACKGROUND: Education influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown. METHODS: A total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type. RESULTS: Education influenced brain measures, explaining 24%–98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions. DISCUSSION: The results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research. Highlights: Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.

KW - Latin America

KW - United States

KW - dementia

KW - educational disparities

KW - healthy aging

KW - magnetic resonance imaging

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85199319111

U2 - 10.1002/alz.14085

DO - 10.1002/alz.14085

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85199319111

SN - 1552-5260

VL - 20

SP - 5912

EP - 5925

JO - Alzheimer's and Dementia

JF - Alzheimer's and Dementia

IS - 9

ER -

Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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