Descripción espacial del riesgo cardiovascular en población adulta mayor: Caso de Cali-Colombia

Currently, the population pyramid indicates that there are more and more long-lived people, which means that the increase in life expectancy exacerbates the symptoms of chronic pathologies. Likewise, cardiovascular diseases have been catalogued as a serious public health problem since they cause thousands of deaths in the world every year. For this reason, the use of spatial tools is fundamental in the identification of zones that help to prioritize disease intervention. Objective: To spatially analyze the cardiovascular risk of the elderly population of the municipality of Santiago de Cali, the third most populated city in Colombia. Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 4092 adults over 55 years of age; sociodemographic variables were analyzed with SPSS version 24.0 and GeoCODE was used to standardize the addresses; the results were subsequently analyzed with ArcMaps 10.3.1. Results: The mean age of the participants was 73.9 (SD: 9.08) years and the largest population group was between 66 and 76 years of age (40.9%). In addition, the participants were mostly female (82.6%). Low cardiovascular risk predominated with 84.1%, followed by moderate risk with 13.1% and, to a lesser extent, there were cases of high cardiovascular risk with 2.7%, the latter distributed in the western and southeastern part of the municipality. Conclusion: The entire population presented cardiovascular risk and the central and northern zones were at moderate to low cardiovascular risk.