Colonización por levaduras en recién nacidos y personal de salud en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de un hospital universitario en Bogotá, Colombia

Candida infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The main objective of this work was to determine the risk factors for colonization by Candida species in the newborns in a hospital NICU in Bogota, Colombia, and to evaluate the colonization of intravascular devices and healthcare personnel. Fifty newborns at high risk (low birth-weight, gestational age under 35 weeks, previous exposure to antibiotics and eight days of stay in the NICU) were followed prospectively. Clinical specimens from conjunctiva, nasal orifices, oral cavity, inguinal skin, rectum, intravascular devices, and the resulting watery solution of the washing of hands of healthcare personnel were cultured. Samples were cultured on Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol (50 ppm). Identification of yeasts was peformed using phenotypic and biochemical tests. A multivariate analysis of the risk factors for colonization in the newborns was performed. Growth of different Candida spp. was found in samples recovered from 38% of the newborns tested. However, no yeasts were obtained in cultures from intravascular devices. About 32% of the samples from healthcare personnel (paediatricians, undergraduate and postgraduate students, professional nurses and nursé assistants), showed presence of yeasts. In the multivariate regression analysis length of stay in the NICU was the only identified risk factor for colonization.