Racial Complementarities in Education Production

Across nearly all developed countries, budgets for education expenditures are strained. The financial crisis of 2008 has put a severe dent in the ability for state and local governments to continue then current levels of spending, and education was one of the places where many jurisdictions saw cuts. These budgetary problems suggest that academic achievement in the affected locales will experience decreases, since nearly all interventions in education designed to increase student academic achievement require funding: for example, small class sizes, additional teacher¿s aides, and supplementary teacher training programs. There is a strong motivation for governments to find additional ways to increase student achievement that do not require much in the way of additional resources